Risk factors of nosocomial infections caused by piperacillin-tazobactam resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Introduction Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of serious infections in hospitalized patients and is associated with high rates of hospital morbidity and mortality. Objective The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of nosocomial infections caused by piperacillin-tazobactam-resistant P. aeruginosa (PT-RPA). Methods A case-control study was conducted in the Clinical Centre Kragujevac from January 2010 to December 2011. Results In the observed period, 79 (38.16%) patients had PTRPA infections, while 128 (61.84%) patients had infections caused by piperacillin-tazobactam-sensitive P. aeruginosa (PT-SPA). Pneumonia was more frequently found in the PT-RPA group (55.70%) (p<0.05), whereas urinary tract infections were more frequent in the group of patients with PT-SPA infections (26.56%) (p<0.01). Multivariate analysis was used to identify an injury on admission (OR=3.089; 95%CI=1.438-6.635; p=0.004), administration of imipenem (OR=15.027; 95%CI=1.778-127.021; p=0.013), meropenem (OR=2.618; 95%CI=1.030-6.653; p=0.043), ciprofloxacin (OR=3.380; 95%CI=1.412-8.090; p=0.006), vancomycin (OR=4.294; 95%CI=1.477-12.479; p=0.007), piperacillin-tazobactam (OR=4.047; 95%CI=1.395-11.742; p=0. 010) as independent risk factors associated with PT-RPA infection. Conclusion In hospitalized patients, the risk of PT-RPA infec tions is associated with previous administration of imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, piperacillin-tazobac tam, and the presence of injury on admission.