Analysis of application of aquaponic system as a model of the circular economy: A review

Abstract

In a time of limited water resources, climate change, and significant reductions in fish and plant species, aquaponics systems can play an important role in the future of ecologically and socio-economically sustainable smart cities. The paper aims to investigate the available literature that deals with the topic and current situation related to aquaponics systems - their application, effects of work, perspectives, and shortcomings, as a model of the circular economy. The exploratory method includes a literature review and the analysis of interviews with the pioneers in aquaponics in the Republic of Serbia. The main criterion for reviewing the literature was to find successful examples of aquaponics in the world and the Republic of Serbia. The result of the research is that aquaponics systems, due to the circular way of production, can be included as the model of the circular economy. Among a growing number of aquaponics pioneers, BIGH Farm, ECF Farmsystems, Urban Farmers, Bioaqua Farm, Tilamur, and Water garden currently have a successful implementation of the circular economy. These firms produce food with no waste production, they minimize energy input, and have a positive environmental impact, which are the main aims of the circular economy.