Natural systems of waste water treatment in small settlements

Abstract

A small group of settlements include settlements with less than 5 000 inhabitants. In these settlements, it is recommended natural treatment systems for the wastewater treatment. In the most of cases, this system is land natural treatment systems. It is a complex (biological, chemical and physico-chemical) process of removing the pollution of waste water, which occurs at the surface and upper levels of the soil. The land is used as a process of tertiary treatment of waste water, primarily for the removal of nutrients, or as a secondary treatment process, for removal the organic pollution of waste water. The most represent treatment systems are: irrigated land with waste water, rapid infiltration of waste water through the soil, and spreading of soil with waste water.