METODIČKI ASPEKTI VEŽBI PEVAČKOG DISANJA U NASTAVI MUZIČKE KULTURE U OSNOVNOJ ŠKOLI

Abstract

The paper aims to present methodological aspects, appropriate application, and the multifunctional role of breathing and voice exercises in the development of children’s vocal abilities in the first cycle of primary education. The paper focuses on mastering vocal technique, vocal performance of music (including vocal reproduction and interpretation), and the development of the vocal apparatus in elementary school children, who are expected to master it at that age. Accordingly, the aim of the paper is to point out the functional necessity of the preparatory phase for vocal reproduction, i.e., singing. This phase involves the proper implementation of breathing and voice exercises, since the adequate preparation of children’s vocal apparatus depends on it. The voice preparation phase is a mandatory segment that precedes the performance of nursery rhymes and musical dances with singing in teaching music. Special attention is paid to the methods of visual presentation of breathing and voice exercises in order to activate multiple senses, especially among first- and secondgrade students, their motivation and attention, and easier and more permanent memorization of vocal exercises. This will enable a faster associative transition to musical notation in the third and fourth grades of elementary school. Considering that early identification of individual vocal abilities of each child is a prerequisite for the proper development of the vocal apparatus, the adequate methodical articulation of breathing and voice exercises, continuous application, creative approach to their implementation within the framework of teaching music can contribute to increasing the level of vocal abilities of children. The analytical method was applied, while the methodological aspects and multifunctional possibilities of practical examples of breathing and voice exercises are presented descriptively. In order to foster the development of students’ vocal abilities and transform vocal practice into lasting knowledge and mastery of vocal technique, it is highlighted that the visual presentation of breathing and voice exercises has a strong impact in teaching music to the first- and second-grade students. From a methodological aspect, the early implementation of breathing and voice exercises creates a strong foundation and helps children develop their musical competencies and take part in different musical activities in subsequent grades.