Energy use in montenegro’s road transport sector: trends, fuel structure and dependence on petroleum-based fuels

Abstract

Road transport represents one of the most important sectors of energy use in Montenegro, with a strong dependence on petroleum-based fuels. This paper provides a descriptive analysis of energy use in Montenegro’s road transport sector, with special attention to fuel structure and consumption trends. The analysis uses official statistical data for the period 2014–2024 and examines the consumption of diesel fuel, gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas and electricity in road transport. It focuses on the dominant fuel types, shifts in consumption patterns and the extent to which road transport continues to rely on conventional petroleum-based fuels. The results indicate that diesel fuel has the leading role in road transport energy consumption, while gasoline has a lower but still relevant share and liquefied petroleum gas remains marginal. The observed trends confirm that Montenegro’s road transport sector is still characterized by a high dependence on petroleum-based fuels, with limited diversification of final energy use away from petroleum-based fuels.