New floating/grounded FDNC and non-ideal grounded FDNR simulators based on VDTA

Abstract

The paper proposes a new grounded/floating frequency dependent negative conductance (FDNC) simulator, and a non-ideal frequency dependent negative resistance (FDNR) simulator, based on deployment of voltage differencing transconductance amplifiers (VDTA), along with two grounded capacitances. The presented simulators feature electronic controllability of realized negative conductance/resistance via DC bias current of VDTA, with no component matching constraints. The non-ideality analysis of the circuits is also presented. The proposed solutions exhibit an excellent behaviour under non-ideal conditions with low active/passive sensitivity. The working of the presented simulators has been verified by corresponding voltage mode filter design examples, and has been verified by HSPICE simulations which were carried out on the basis of 0.18 μm CMOS technology.