KREIRANjE TEKSTUALNE KOHEZIJE PUTEM ANAFORSKIH IZRAZA U ROMANU „OSTAJEM OVDE“ MARKA BALCANA

Abstract

In order for the narration to succeed, it is necessary to create textual cohesion, i.e. the thematic continuity of narration. Anaphora is one of the key mechanisms for connecting the parts of a text into a whole. It consists of antecedent and anaphoric expression. The antecedent refers to the extratextual referent while the anaphoric expression refers to the antecedent. In order to create a connection between these two elements, the reader needs to possess the knowledge of the world as well as the knowledge of the text itself. The very essence of the textual cohesion and anaphoric expressions lies in the fact that the reader is increasingly relying on the knowledge based on the text, as the narration keeps progressing. Through anaphoric expressions the writer provides the reader with new information that is gradually building on, thus making the reader familiar with the characters and events in the narration. The anaphoric expressions can refer to the antecedent through various expressions, such as synonims, hyponims, hyperonims, deminutives, but above all the equivalent expressions which are the most numerous in the novel. This kind of anaphora is called indirect anaphora because the anaphoric expression is lexically different from the antecedent, but refrerentially still the same. This lexical difference presents the starting point of our research on anaphoric expressions in the novel Resto qui by Marco Balzano. Through anaphoric expressions Balzano introduces the reader to the context of narration and creates a coherent text using the very expressions through which he provides new information to the reader about the characters and events. Via careful analysis we have concluded that there are three types of anaphoric expressions in this novel: 1) an informative anaphoric expression that provides new information to the reader, 2) an evaluative anaphoric expression through which the protagonists express their opinions, emotions and attitudes towards events around them and 3) anaphoric chains in which Balzano combines the first two anaphoric expressions creating a strong, expressive and deep reflections and perception of both the events and the protagonists of the novel.