Equipment of family farms with agricultural mechanization in northwest of montenegro

Abstract

© 2020, University of Montenegro. All rights reserved. The paper presents the results of testing equipment at family farms with agricultural machinery in Northwest Montenegro in municipalities Pljevlja, Žabljak, Kolašin and Mojkovac. In the mentioned municipalities, 123 agricultural farms in 65 villages were surveyed. The total area of available land on farms is 1612.08 ha, of which only 8.27% are cultivated and the rest meadows and pastures. The average area of family farms is 13.11 ha of used agricultural land, which is three times more than the average in Montenegro. Single-axle tractors with an engine power of 5-10 kW are represented by 16% of the total number of tractors. Family farms are not sufficiently equipped with two-axle tractors, because every other one has a tractor (0.51 tractors per farm). The tractors are average power of 30.12 kW. Energy equipments in the surveyed area, expressed through the nominal engine power of two-axle tractors per unit area, in averages at 1.18 kW / ha. There’s a shortage of tractors with engine power over 50 kW with rear and front wheel drive (double traction). Family farms are insufficiently equipped with attached machines (1.28 machines / farm). Ratios per one two-axle tractor are 2.49 attachments and 10.27 ha of used land. There is a lack of machines for vertical tillage and combined machines for pre-sowing soil preparation (chisel plows, seed drills, rotary harrows), as well a seeder for small grains and corn. In addition, there is a lack of machines for the preparation of silage and haylage in silage facilities (self-loading trailers and combines), as well roll presses, wrappers and catchers wrapped in foil.