(NE)SUPSTITUENTNOST VEZNIKA „I” I „A” U KOORDINIRANOJ KOPULATIVNOJ REČENICI

Abstract

The paper analyzes the possibility of the copulative conjunction I and primarily adversative conjunction A being substituent in a coordinate copulative clause. It has been demonstrated that “substituence” is only possible in two structural and semantic types of copulative sentences: a) copulative sentences with semantic concretizers of temporal and spatial meaning, and b) copulative sentences with a relative coordinate clause introduced by the conjunction i to and/or a to. In the first type of the coordinate copulative sentence conjunctions I and A are interchangeable only in those cases when they are followed by a semantic concretizer of a certain subtype copulative in meaning, especially a concretizer carrying the meaning of successiveness in the sense of posteriority, simultaneousness, and spatiality, while the examples of concretizers with the meaning of manner and successiveness in the sense of anteriority are almost occasional. Next to the conjunction I concretizers have the expletive status, whereas next to the conjunction А they have the mandatory status. Omission of mandatory determiners brings about structural and/or semantic consequences, since the sentence becomes either grammatically unauthenticated, or its meaning is changed. In the second type, i.e. in copulative sentences with a relative coordinate clause introduced by the conjunction i to and/or a to, “conjunctional” clusters i to and a to are substituent only when i/а to-relative coordinate clause refers to the content of the entire previous clause, and when these clusters are replaceable by a relative pronoun što (e.g.: Posvađao je narod, i/a to/ što nije dobro). When a coordinate relative clause refers only to the substantive antecedent from the structure in a previous clause (and not to its content as a whole) and semantically concretizes this antecedent, it is possible to use a to-relative copulative coordinate clause (e.g.: Mi imamo isti cilј, a to je da završimo fakultet). When a coordinate relative clause has a restrictive function next to the substantive antecendent from a previous clause, it is then introduced by the conjunction i to (e.g.: Volim da gledam crtane filmove, i to one koje sam gledao u detinjstvu = Volim da gledam one crtane filmove koje sam gledao u detinjstvu).