AN OVERVIEW OF THE PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN THE MODERN WORLD

Abstract

The query of energy stability has become the key query of the world economic and social system in the last few years. In addition to its high development and evolution of its relationship to energy security, the EU also faces with the problem of environmental pollution, global warming and climate changes. For several decades, it has been recognized that renewable energy sources are the main support of the energy independence of the world in the future. It is well known that among renewable energy sources, solar energy represents the most promising and reliable energy source, because the Sun is a inexhaustible, cheap and extremely clean energy source. The main reasons for more efficient use of solar energy in countries that have the potential for generating thermal energy and electricity are the reduction of greenhouse gases emission, the reduction in imports and use of fossil fuels, the development of local industry and the promotion of new jobs. Photovoltaic technology is one of the leading chains of "sustainable development", and therefore governments provide incentives for the construction of solar power plants. This technology of direct conversion of solar energy into electricity has been in a big increase in the last few years. This paper presents an overview of the current situation with the latest data on the development, application and installed capacities of photovoltaic technology in the last few years in the world.