RECYCLING OF THE HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Abstract

Modern research in the field of motor vehicles covered by a cycle of product development and components to production and exploitation of vehicles in traffic, all the way to retirement and recycling. In this way is decreasing negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment. Application of hybrid and electric vehicles to reduce or eliminate emissions of toxic and harmful gases are emitted into the environment during use of vehicles with conventional drive systems on gasoline or diesel fuel. In parallel with the implementation of such vehicles, it is necessary to set up and solve the problems in more detail their exploitation, as well as problems that precede the use of vehicles (quarrying and raw materials, energy production, and everything is built into a vehicle), and partly to problems that come later (after exploitation period). This particularly applies to the treatment of waste batteries and electrical and electronic circuits that are typical for this kind of vehicle. Requirements for zero emission of waste materials at all stages of the service life of hybrid and electric vehicles are a complex task for researchers, especially in the field of development and application of new materials and advanced and secure technologies in the process of production and application. That way, manufacturers are demands for easy dismantling and recycling of vehicles at the end-of-life service and safety classification of the material, which is accompanied by certain problems. A particular problem is the lack of specific policies and procedures that can be applied in such vehicles. To meet these requirements, it is necessary to develop new materials and equipment to be installed in a vehicle, as well as the development of new manufacturing technologies and processes for recycling. This paper describes the procedures for the retirements of such vehicles, as well as the recycling of specific parts of electrical installations and electronic circuits.