Optimization of Processing Parameters of Powder Metallurgy for Preparing AZ31/GNP Nanocomposites Using Taguchi Method

Abstract

The systematic optimization approach highlights the potential of powder metallurgy and GNP reinforcement to enhance the mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloys, making them suitable for lightweight structural applications. The present study employs the Taguchi approach to optimize the processing parameters of powder metallurgy for the fabrication of AZ31/graphene nanoplatelet (1.75 wt.%GNP) composites. The process parameters are varied at three levels, i.e., compaction pressure (250 MPa, 300 MPa, and 350 MPa), sintering temperature (500 °C, 550 °C, and 600 °C), and sintering time (45 min, 60 min, and 75 min) using an L9 orthogonal array. The impact of these parameters on microhardness and compressive strength was analyzed using a signal-to-noise (SN) ratio and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach. The results indicate that compaction pressure significantly influences both microhardness (72.99%) and compressive strength (68.38%), followed by sintering temperature and sintering time. Optimal parameter combinations (350 MPa, 600 °C, and 60 min) yielded maximum microhardness (108.5 Hv) and compressive strength (452.2 MPa). Regression models demonstrated strong predictive capabilities with R² values exceeding 85%. This study underscores the importance of efficient parameter optimization to achieve enhanced material properties in a cost-effective manner.